Tag: ECB

Spain’s Banking Sector Fears ECB Stress Tests

27 November 2017 – Voz Pópuli

Spain’s banks are facing a new perfect storm, albeit on paper. In an already difficult scenario in which the financial institutions are having to adapt to the new provisioning requirements (IFRS 9), they are also having to deal with the upcoming stress tests that are being prepared for 2018.

If we take an analogy by way of example – what is happening in the banking sector is equivalent to what would happen to a student if a decision was taken to change the language of his/her class and then a few months later force him/her to take an entrance exam in that new language. The entities have gone to the wire to try and persuade the authorities to examine them in their native language (based on their current provisions) but the European Banking Authority (EBA) and the ECB have outright refused.

The new provisions mean a radical change in the model. Until now, the banks recognise losses when their loans are impaired, in other words, when non-payments begin. Under the new system, the banks will have to anticipate advance signs of impairment.

A report from the consultancy firm Alvarez & Marsal estimates that the potential impact of the new IFRS 9 provisions on the stress tests is 465 basis points. More than half of that amount will come about in the first of the three years covered by the exercise, which reflects that from now on, crises are going to hit banks faster.

Impact

If we apply these calculations to the latest official figures from the sector (published on Friday as part of the EBA’s transparency exercise), the result in the loss of one-third of the regulatory capital (CET 1). Even so, they are stress test scenarios and so will not necessarily happen.

KutxaBank and Bankia were the entities with the largest buffers in the last year of transparency, with more than 14% of capital, although the group chaired by José Ignacio Gorigiolzarri will see its figure reduce once it completes its takeover of BMN. They are followed in the ranking by Unicaja, Abanca, Sabadell and Liberbank.

Another finding from the data published as part of the transparency exercise is that Spain’s banks have moved away from those of other peripheral countries (Portugal, Italy, Ireland and Greece) in terms of delinquency.

Original story: Voz Pópuli (by Jorge Zuloaga)

Translation: Carmel Drake

Spain’s Banks Sell RE Assets Worth €52,000M+ In 2017

2 November 2017 – Cinco Días

According to all of the experts consulted, there is no doubt that the operation carried out by Santander in August, involving the sale of €30,000 million in property to Blackstone, marked a before and after in the formula for the financial sector to get rid of its real estate deadweight.

That operation significantly boosted the total amount transacted in these types of portfolio sale operations this year. Taking into account those operations that already have been closed, as well as those that are currently underway, the transaction volume in 2017 will comfortably exceed €52,000 million. That figure contrasts with the volume recorded in 2016 (€22,000 million), even though this year (2017) was expected to be more modest in terms of transactions.

The new international accounting standard IFRS 9, which will enter into force in January, and which will toughen provisions for real estate portfolios, as well as the pressure from the Bank of Spain and, above all, the European Central Bank (ECB) for the sector to accelerate the sale of its NPL assets, have served as a trigger for the banks to accelerate the sale of their foreclosed land and properties.

The heads of Spain’s largest banks (Santander, BBVA, CaixaBank, Bankia and Sabadell) have said, during the recent presentations of their results for the first nine months of the year, that their objective is that property will no longer weigh down on their income statements by the end of 2018 and, in some cases, by a year later, at most (…).

By way of example, Bankia has two very different financial operations underway, but international funds are the interested investors in both cases. One involves the upcoming sale of between 7% and 9% of the entity’s share capital, a placement that is expected to be carried out during the month of November and whose buyers will be institutional investors.

The other operation will involve the sale of several real estate portfolios. One of those, for €100 million, goes by the name Jets; and another, amounting to almost €2,000 million, is known as Giant, comprises property from Bankia’s own balance sheet and maybe some from BMN, the entity that it will integrate into its perimeter at the end of the year (…).

CaixaBank, with around €18,000 million in at-risk assets, of which €10,000 million are NPLs, may also star in a similar operation to the deal closed by Santander with Blackstone within the next few months, according to two experts.

For the time being, all of the consultancy firms and investment banks agree that (with the exception of the sales processes already underway) the trend is to carry out much fewer placements of small portfolios and “to undertake a few, large sales instead”.

These same sources also agree that the investment funds (Apollo, Oaktree, Bain, Cerberus, Blackstone, Lone Star, Castlelake, Värde Partners, Lindorff, TPG and Goldman Sachs, amongst the most active) “are in a hurry to buy and the banks are in a hurry to sell”.

One of the large banks that has shown reluctance to sell its real estate assets until now, despite its bulky portfolio of foreclosed assets, has been BBVA. It has carried out some operations (refer to the table above) but it has been, together with Sabadell, the only entity that has not sold its real estate platform.

Nevertheless, the bank chaired by Francisco González has been holding exclusive negotiations with Cerberus for months regarding the sale of part of Anida (in an operation known as Sena). Specifically, it is interested in 20% of Anida Grupo Inmobiliario SL, which is equivalent to around €1,200 million, an operation for which it would pay approximately €300 million.

But several sources say that the bank is rethinking its sales strategy and in 2018, will be willing to put a much larger portfolio up for sale and whereby tackle an operation similar to the one closed by Santander, but this time with Anida as the protagonist.

Sources at investment banks and managers add that the upcoming regulatory changes affecting securitisations in Europe will also help to boost the sale of packages of property portfolios amongst investors (…).

Original story: Cinco Días (by Ángeles Gonzalo Alconada)

Translation: Carmel Drake

Santander Wants To Sell RE Assets Worth €6,000M In 1 Year

30 October 2017 – Voz Pópuli

Banco Santander does not want to stand idly by following the sale of Banco Popular’s real estate. After the completion of that operation (the largest ever real estate transfer in Spain), the entity chaired by Ana Botín wants to continue accelerating its real estate clean up. In this way, it plans to reduce its real estate exposure by more than €6,000 million over the next year.

That would mean that Santander’s real estate balance would decrease by half, given that it currently amounts to around €12,300 million in gross terms (excluding provisions).

According to the bank’s CEO, José Antonio Álvarez, speaking at the results presentation, the objective is for the entity’s real estate exposure “to be immaterial” by the end of 2018.

This immateriality means having a net balance of between €1,000 million and €2,000 million left on the balance sheet within 14 months, besides the rental properties, explained the banker. That, in turn, means selling around €6,000 million (in gross terms) and leaving around €6,000 million on the balance sheet.

The numbers

In this way, Santander España’s net exposure to the real estate market is €5,900 million. The entity has an average coverage ratio of 52% over these assets, which means that their gross value is €12,300 million.

Of those €5,900 million, €3,372 million are foreclosed assets, €1,203 million are rental properties and €1,325 million are delinquent real estate loans.

In August, Santander agreed to transfer almost €30,000 million (in gross terms) of Popular’s property to Blackstone. Specifically, the bank sold 51% of a new real estate company, for €5,100 million and retained ownership of the remaining stake.

In terms of the rest of the real estate assets on its balance sheet, Santander could undertake similar operations, although it will also continue to analyse sales through the retail network and the option of putting properties on the market through Socimis. Both the Spanish bank and its competitors are under pressure from the ECB to get rid of the real estate on their balance sheets as soon as possible.

Meanwhile, Santander is negotiating with Värde Partners, owner of 51% of WiZink, to repurchase Banco Popular’s customer card business and to sell it Barclays and Citi’s business in return.

Original story: Voz Pópuli (by Jorge Zuloaga)

Translation: Carmel Drake

The ECB Demands Higher Provisions For Doubtful Debts From 2018

10 October 2017 – Cinco Días

The ECB has proposed a tightening of the provisions required by banks for any loans that they classify as doubtful from 1 January onwards. The ECB has subjected the draft legislation, currently posted on the body’s website, to public consultation. The standards that the supervisor is preparing complement those published in March of this year. In this way, banks will have to set aside more money from 2018 onwards to cover 100% of the loans that they reclassify, in other words, those that go from being standard to doubtful. The ECB will establish different terms depending on the type of loan: those that are secured by a real estate asset may be provisioned at 100% over seven years from the date of their reclassification. For loans without any type of guarantee, entities will have just two years to constitute the 100% provision.

The provisions will be applied on a linear basis from the date of recognition of the doubtful debt until the date the coverage ratio equals 100%, but national supervisors may require the recognition of provisions more quickly in certain cases. Moreover, loans that are partially covered by real estate assets must be provisions in two parts and with two doubtful rates.

In March, the ECB published a handbook for doubtful loans to be applied to portfolios of doubtful loans already in existence. It demanded that entities undertake procedures to reduce this load that, in its opinion, is restricting banks’ ability to grant new loans. The handbook is not binding, but banks will either have to “comply or explain”. In other words, they will have to comply with the handbook or explain why they are not complying with it. It also requires that they set specific objectives to reduce their existing portfolios.

Based on the response from entities and the evolution of doubtful balances, the supervisor will present new proposals,at the end of the first quarter of 2018, to attack the excess volume of toxic loans in the banking sector. According to the supervisor, the so-called “significant entities” (almost all of the banking system in Spain and 130 in total in Europe) held €865,000 million in doubtful assets during the first quarter (after that balance decreased by almost €100,000 million in one year). “Many entities have made significant progress and have submitted credible strategies that include reduction plans, but others still have a way to go to improve”, said the ECB.

In March, doubtful loans accounted for 47.05% of the total bank loan book in Greece, 17.75% in Ireland, 19.82% in Portugal and Italy. Based on this criteria, the figure for Spain amounted to 5.86%, but its level of foreclosed assets was very high.

Original story: Cinco Días (by Nuño Rodrigo Palacios)

Translation: Carmel Drake

The RE Sector Is On Course For Record-Breaking Year

12 September 2017 – Expansión

The real estate sector is experiencing a whirlwind year. After breaking the investment record in 2016, experts now expect the pace to continue this year and for a new investment record to be registered, excluding corporate operations.

For Adolfo Ramírez-Escudero, President of CBRE, 2017 is going to be an “exceptional” year, once again. “Investment could reach €12,000 million, whereby exceeding the expectations at the beginning of the year, which would make 2017 the best year since records began, if we exclude the corporate transactions carried out by Merlin in 2015 and 2016”, he says.

The CEO of JLL, Enrique Losantos, says that investors are maintaining their interest in the Spanish market “attracted by the strong underlying economics, returns that are still higher than in certain other European markets such as Paris and prices that are much more affordable, comparatively”.

For Oriol Barrachina, the CEO of Cushman & Wakefield, although the ECB is expected to inject less money, the appetite from investors will continue into 2018, given that the growth in wealth and the performance of assets comes from economic activity and not from the issuance of money by the Central Bank”.

Meanwhile, according to Alberto Valls, Partner in Financial Advisory at Deloitte, whilst institutional stability continues and the expectation of growth and the creation of employment in the economy is sustained, Spain will continue to be an attractive country. “We are not ruling out consolidation in the sector towards larger vehicles, involving Socimis and property developers, therefore I forecast a high level of activity in terms of corporate operations in the sector in 2018 due to concentration”.

The star players

In this sense, the Partner responsible for the Real Estate sector at KPMG in Spain, Javier López Torres, says that “the trend of consolidation amongst the new real estate companies, and their debuts on the stock market, is going to continue, and there will also be new inter-relations between new players”.

In terms of the most powerful players, institutional investors with the lowest capital costs will be the stars of operations with less need for management, which are becoming increasingly fewer because most of what could be sold has already changed hands, explains the Partner in Financial Advisory at Deloitte, Javier García-Mateo. “In the face of a pipeline of operations where there is a need for a strong transformation component, the PERES (Private Equity Real Estate) will be the players that will likely lead the sale and purchase of properties”, he adds.

Meanwhile, the Socimis will have more freedom to divest their assets as most have now fulfilled the three year period since their purchase, the fundamental requirement to be able to enjoy the tax benefits afforded to these vehicles, says Alejandro Campoy, Director General of the Investments Divisions at Aguirre Newman.

Increase in rents

In terms of the behaviour of rents in the office segment, Mikel Echevarren, CEO at Irea, says that “the economic recovery and the creation of employment will lead to an increase in occupancy rates and rents in Madrid and Barcelona”.

Sources at CBRE indicate that Barcelona is already ahead of Madrid, due to the even greater scarcity of high-quality office space in the Catalan capital. Moreover, that situation is giving rise to a significant number of pre-rental operations.

“The growth forecast in rental income is clear and very robust. Our data estimates that for the period 2017-2019, office rental prices in Barcelona will grow by around 5.2% p.a. on average, and in Madrid by 4.3% for the same period”, explains Losantos (…).

Original story: Expansión (by Rebeca Arroyo)

Translation: Carmel Drake

CCB & Altamira Asset Management Form Joint Venture To Tackle NPLs

19 July 2017 – Famagusta Gazette

Cooperative Central Bank and Altamira Asset Management have decided to form a joint venture to manage the former’s non-performing loans and real estate.

At the same time, after a relevant resolution, the Bank decided to change its name to “Cyprus Cooperative Bank” and to introduce the total issued share capital of the Bank, totaling €6,036,000,000, of a nominal value of €0.28 each, to the main market of the CSE at a price of €0.10 each in consultation with the competent supervisory authorities and the European Central Bank.

The resolution, approved by an extraordinary General Shareholders’ Meeting, deals with the creation of a ten-year old consortium between the CCB (49% ) and Altamira (51%) for the management of NPLs (€7.2bn) and real estate (€0.4bn).

In a statement, the General Manager of the Cyprus Co-operative Bank, Nikolas Hadzigiannis said that “the approval of the cooperation with Altamira” is in many ways a very positive development for the Bank “, adding that” this cooperation constitutes a landmark for the Bank, as it takes us to the next stage of managing loans in arrears, in line with European banking practices. ”

“The Bank has set ambitious but realistic targets for the future of overdue loans with this great partnership so as to get out of the problem in the next five years. We move forward decisively,” he added.

Altamira is the second largest asset management company in Europe with a portfolio under management worth €65 bn.

In an email to the CCB, Altamira’s General Director, Julian Navarro Pascual expressed satisfaction over the very significant business deal that has come after lots of dedicated preparation. He also expressed his readiness to face the challenge on Cyprus soil.

Finance Minister Harris Georgiades, in a statement issued after CCB’s announcement, described the decision to form a joint platform with Altamira as a decisive step towards dealing with its NPLs.

Original story: Famagusta Gazette

Edited by: Carmel Drake

Popular Puts €1,500M Macro RE Portfolio Up For Sale

6 June 2017 – Voz Pópuli

(…). The entity chaired by Emilio Saracho (pictured above) has launched an express plan to sell its problem assets and one of the key elements is the sale of the largest real estate portfolio to come onto the market in Spain since 2015. The portfolio of properties has been designed by KPMG, and has an initial value of between €1,500 million and €2,000 million, according to financial sources consulted by Vozpópuli. This is part of the plan that the entity is presenting to the ECB today to regain the confidence of the regulators. (…).

In addition, Saracho has spent the last few days meeting with investment banks to see how to accelerate the unblocking of Popular’s problem assets. (…).

The sale of problem assets is critical for Banco Popular regardless of its future. The heavy weight of those assets (worth €37,000 million) is the source of this entity’s problems, which have been further compounded in recent months by its capital and liquidity troubles and the risk of claims. (…).

For this reason, Banco Popular needs to accelerate the sale of the €36,800 million that it owns in toxic assets as soon as possible. Above all, it needs to focus on its foreclosed assets, which have the lowest level of coverage (38.5%) and which most concern the market and potential buyers. To bring the provisioning level of its properties in line with the levels adopted by BBVA and Santander, Popular would need to recognise (additional provisions of) around €1,500 million to €2,000 million.

Under the spotlight

With the sale of portfolios such as the one being advised by KPMG, Banco Popular would reduce some of its problems. Even so, financial sources doubt that the short term future of the entity is going to be determined by operations such as this one (…). Rather, they add, that this is a way of getting ahead with the work, regardless of the solution.

In this sense, the banks that are considering submitting a bid for Banco Popular have been making contact with opportunistic funds and investment banks over the last few weeks to work out how to share out the Spanish entity: the good bank could go to Santander, BBVA and Bankia, and the problem assets could go to overseas investors.

The key to accelerating the unblocking of the real estate assets is the prices that Banco Popular can accept on the basis of its provisions. Currently, the foreclosed assets are recognised on the balance sheet at 60% of their initial values, well above the values demanded by the opportunistic funds, which are closer to 30-40% of their initial values (…).

The portfolio that Popular is preparing represents one of the largest currently up for sale in Europe and the fourth largest to go on the market in Spain ever, after: Project Hércules, involving €6,400 million in problematic mortgages from Catalunya Banc, which was acquired by Blackstone; Project Octopus, containing €4,500 million in Eurohypo loans, which were purchased by Lone Star and JPMorgan; and Project Big Bang, which saw Bankia put most of its foreclosed assets up for sale, in a deal that it negotiated to the end with Cerberus, but which failed to close.

The two main favourites to acquire this latest portfolio are Blackstone and Apollo, the two funds that have been buying Popular’s other portfolios to date, albeit smaller ones, averaging around €400 million to €500 million. The entity currently has another process underway, involving a €500 million portfolio, which is being coordinated by Irea, and in which the following entities are competing: Oaktree, Apollo, Bank of America and Bain Capital.

Original story: Voz Pópuli (by Jorge Zuloaga)

Translation: Carmel Drake

Moody’s: House Prices Will Rise By 4.7% p.a. Between 2017 & 2019

30 May 2017 – El País

The risk rating agency Moody’s expects house prices to rise in Spain by 4.7% per annum between 2017 and 2019, in line with their evolution in 2016. This will have a positive effect on the balance sheets of the banks and on the behaviour of mortgage securitisations.

Those are the conclusions of a report on the real estate sector in Spain, prepared by analyst Antonio Tena, which nuances these promising forecasts by reminding readers that the number of units sold is just as important as the price at which those units are sold for.

Even if GDP grows at a lower rate than currently predicted, the US agency believes that the rate at which it will likely close the year (2.3%) will undoubtedly sustain this recovery in house prices.

But it is important to “decouple” house prices from the number of operations, given that although the volume of properties is decreasing, it is true that some of the new homes (…) date back to 2006 and 2007 and still have not been sold”. However, those now account for just 10% of operations, well below the pre-crisis levels, when new and second-hand homes accounted for half the market each, reported Efe.

The agency also commented that there is no risk of “overheating” in the mortgage market, said Tena, or of a mortgage bubble happening, given that nowadays just one euro is being loaned for every four euros that were being loaned back in 2007.

Last week, the President of the European Central Bank (ECB), Mario Draghi, spoke along the same lines. He ruled out the danger of a new real estate or credit bubble in the euro zone.

The banks are now a lot more restrictive when it comes to granting a mortgage, said the Moody’s analyst, Antonio Tena. He added that it is important to distinguish between the granting of mortgages and the sale of homes; in 2007, more mortgages were granted than homes were sold, whereas, in 2016, the volume of house sales was much higher than the volume of mortgages signed.

The sale of homes is growing in a sustained way, at around 14% p.a., but that still represents half of the volumes sold in 2007; the data from Moody’s shows that house sales are not decreasing in any city where there are more than 200,000 inhabitants; and that Madrid and Barcelona – and their peripheral regions – as well as the Mediterranean arc, are accounting for most operations.

Borrowers are increasingly older

Another positive indicator, according to Tena, is that the average age of mortgage applicants has increased from 34 years in 2007 to 38 years in 2017. Borrowers now have a greater capacity for saving and financing. (…).

Along with the report about the mortgage market, Moody’s has published another study about covered bonds, which are known here as “mortgaged bonds”. The product plays an important role in Spain, given that for every euro of that type issued, there are €2.50 of mortgage loans, whereas, that ratio barely amounts to 1.10 in other countries. (…).

Original story: El País

Translation: Carmel Drake

Popular Offers RE Portfolio To 4 Investors For €495M

16 May 2017 – Expansión

Banco Popular has decided to put a portfolio of real estate loans and assets worth €495 million on the market. The package, known as Icaria, contains mostly doubtful loans (known as non-performing loans), linked to real estate assets. There are only a few loans, but they are large and secured by hotel assets and residential developments. In addition, around 10% of the portfolio comprises foreclosed assets.

To carry out this divestment, Popular has engaged the real estate consultancy firm Irea, which has organised a very restricted process with only a handful of large international investors. It has chosen four candidates: Apollo, Oaktree, Bank of America Merrill Lynch and Bain Capital.

The selection of just four candidates reflects the bank’s intention of undertaking a rapid process. The aim is to close the sale in June “no matter what” and that objective has been communicated to the potential buyers.

If the transaction is closed during the first half of the year, as the bank intends, Popular would be able to register the reduction in damaged assets in its accounts for the first half of the year and add new improvements in its capital ratio, which is in a very tight situation and close to the minimum requirements demanded by the ECB. At the end of the first quarter, the entity’s solvency ratio stood at 11.91%, very close to the level of minimum level of 11.375% demanded by the European Central Bank.

Real estate

The sale of large portfolios of assets to institutional investors is a key part of the strategy of the new President, Emilio Saracho (pictured above), as he tries to re-float the bank. Popular wants to focus on wholesale divestments to accelerate the divestment rate of its non-performing assets, which compromise its standalone viability.

Including loans and foreclosed assets, Popular still holds a portfolio of non-performing assets worth €37,000 million.

Despite the efforts made to strengthen its provisions since last year, with new provisions amounting to more than €6,000 million, the coverage of these assets amounts to 45%. That figure is four percentage points lower than the sector average (which stands at around 49%) and makes it very difficult for Popular to divest at a faster pace.

Popular’s CEO, Ignacio Sánchez-Asiaín, said during the presentation of the results for the first quarter, that the aim was to close the year with sales of €2,000 million, extrapolating the reduction of around €500 million achieved between January and March to the year as a whole. Nevertheless, he said that this figure may increase in the event that the entity closes an “anchor sale”, such as the sale of the Icaria portfolio.

In January, Popular sold a portfolio of debt worth €220 million and secured by hotel assets to Apollo. Moreover, it sold loans worth €400 million to Blackstone, which were secured by residential assets (homes, parking spaces, storerooms).

Sánchez-Asiaín said that the entity is analysing what the “appropriate pace” of asset divestment would be for the entity, along with the valuation adjustments that would have to be applied to the assets to achieve it, with the consequent impact on the income statement and share capital.

This scenario, as well as the demands of the supervisors, will condition Popular’s manoeuvre room and its roadmap. Alternatives include its absorption by another entity, an option that the market seems to be increasingly leaning towards, or another capital increase, which now appears less feasible.

Original story: Expansión (by R. Ruiz and M. Martínez)

Translation: Carmel Drake

Spain’s Banks Have €6,200M In Toxic Assets Up For Sale

25 April 2017 – El Mundo

Spain’s banks want to take advantage of the improving conditions in the real estate market to accelerate the clean up of the non-performing assets that are still weighing down on their balance sheets, almost 10 years after the burst of the bubble. The main entities currently have €6,200 million in toxic assets of all kind up for sale, including land, doubtful loans, hard to recover loans, homes, hotels, industrial warehouses…

Spain’s banks have been working on this process for at least five years, and with particular intensity for the last three. Bankia, for example, has sold €10,000 million since 2013 and CaixaBank has sold €5,000 million in the last two years. The most recent major operation was closed by Banco Sabadell, in January, for €950 million.

Now, in addition to Banco Popular, which has a large volume of toxic assets still to clean up, entities such as Ibercaja, BBVA, CaixaBank and Bankia are offering investment funds assets worth thousands of millions of euros, because they prefer to sell them at a loss, than maintain them on their balance sheets. The entities are accepting losses to improve their default ratios and doubtful client figures. For the funds, the aim is to take advantage of the discounts on offer to obtain very high returns from the subsequent recovery or resale of the underlying assets. (…).

The €6,200 million currently up for sale on this wholesale market, which has a low profile despite its volume, increases to €7,800 million if we take into account the operations completed during the month of January by Banco Sabadell, BBVA, Deutsche Bank and Bankia.

Based on the operations currently on the market, Ibercaja, BBVA and Sareb (…) are the entities with the largest volume of assets up for sale. The bank chaired by Francisco González is planning to conduct a significant cleanup of its balance sheet in 2017 and is currently offering assets and secured and unsecured loans to small developers amounting to €860 million. During the first quarter of 2017, it sold 14 buildings in Cataluña and Valencia and a portfolio containing 3,500 properties to the fund Blackstone.

Meanwhile, last year, CaixaBank completed the sale of two portfolios to funds such as Apollo and DE Shaw, amounting to €1,400 million, and this year it has a portfolio of non-performing loans to property developers, amounting to €600 million. The default rate of the Catalan bank has decreased from 11% at the peak of the crisis to 6.9% now and its doubtful clients have decreased by 47% since 2013.

Nevertheless, the market expects more supply to come onto the market. The European Central Bank (ECB) is putting pressure on the entities to conduct a comprehensive clean-up in order to dispel the myths regarding how profitable they are. Bank of America Merrill Lynch considers that the volume of foreclosed assets held by the main banks still exceeds €34,000 million and that more than €10,000 million still needs to be sold in terms of land alone, which puts the sector’s capacity to clean itself up in real doubt.

The strategy that Banco Popular is following in this regard, which has to get rid of at least €16,000 million, is considered definitive. The prices that it sets and the outcome of its crisis may influence the plans of the other entities, especially those of the smallest, unlisted firms. (…).

Original story: El Mundo (by César Urrutia)

Translation: Carmel Drake